As a pediatrician, one of the most common concerns parents bring to my office is about Attention-
Deficit/Hyperactivity Disorder (ADHD). This neurodevelopmental disorder affects millions of children
and can significantly impact their academic performance, social interactions, and overall well-being.
Understanding ADHD is crucial for parents to support their child effectively. Here’s a comprehensive
guide to help you navigate this complex condition.

What is ADHD?
Attention-Deficit/Hyperactivity Disorder (ADHD) is a neurodevelopmental condition characterized by
a persistent pattern of inattention and/or hyperactivity-impulsivity that interferes with functioning
or development. ADHD typically manifests before the age of 12 and can continue into adolescence
and adulthood.

What are the symptoms of ADHD?
ADHD symptoms are usually divided into two categories: inattention and hyperactivity-impulsivity.
1. Inattention:
 Difficulty sustaining attention in tasks or play activities
 Frequent mistakes due to carelessness
 Difficulty organizing tasks and activities
 Avoiding or being reluctant to engage in tasks requiring sustained mental effort
 Frequently losing items necessary for tasks and activities
 Easily distracted by extraneous stimuli
 Forgetfulness in daily activities
2. Hyperactivity-Impulsivity:
 Fidgeting or tapping hands or feet
 Leaving seat in situations where remaining seated is expected
 Running or climbing in inappropriate situations
 Inability to play or engage in activities quietly
 Talking excessively
 Interrupting or intruding on others’ conversations or games
 Difficulty waiting for one’s turn
How do we Diagnose and Evaluate ADHD ?
Diagnosing ADHD involves a comprehensive evaluation, including:
 Clinical Interviews: Discussing your child’s behavior and developmental history with a
healthcare provider.

 Behavioral Questionnaires: Filling out standardized forms to assess the frequency and
severity of symptoms.
 Observation: Observing the child’s behavior in various settings (home, school).
 Input from Teachers: Teachers can provide valuable insights into the child’s behavior in a
structured environment.
It’s important to rule out other conditions that might mimic ADHD symptoms, such as anxiety,
depression, or learning disabilities.

What is the Management and Treatment for ADHD ?
While there is no cure for ADHD, several strategies can help manage symptoms effectively:
1. Behavioral Interventions:
 Parent Training: Educating parents on how to use positive reinforcement and create
structured environments.
 School-Based Interventions: Implementing classroom strategies like preferential seating and
clear, consistent instructions.
2. Medication:
 Stimulants: These are the most commonly prescribed medications and include drugs like
methylphenidate and amphetamines. They work by increasing levels of certain
neurotransmitters in the brain.
 Non-Stimulants: Options like atomoxetine and guanfacine are used when stimulants are not
effective or cause undesirable side effects.
3. Lifestyle and Dietary Adjustments:
 Encouraging regular physical activity and a balanced diet.
 Establishing consistent routines and sleep patterns.
How can I support my child with ADHD ?
Being proactive and supportive is key to helping your child thrive with ADHD:
 Communicate Openly: Discuss ADHD openly with your child in an age-appropriate way. This
helps them understand their condition and fosters self-acceptance.
 Build on Strengths: Focus on and encourage your child’s interests and talents to boost their
confidence and self-esteem.
 Seek Professional Help: Regular follow-ups with healthcare providers, including behavioral
therapists, can ensure that your child receives the necessary support.
Final Thoughts
ADHD can present challenges, but with the right strategies and support, children with ADHD can lead
successful, fulfilling lives. As a pediatrician, I encourage parents to stay informed, seek help when
needed, and create a supportive environment for their child. Remember, you are not alone in this
journey. With patience and understanding, you can make a significant difference in your child’s life.

For more information and resources, don’t hesitate to reach out at kiranjot@amritaclinics.com .
Together, we can help your child navigate ADHD and achieve their full potential.

2014-2024 © Copyright -AmritaClinics

For emergency cases        +91-98155-01218